Method and apparatus for making fibrous containers



F. l.. BRoNsN Nav. 3, `1942.

METHOD AND APPAATUS FOR MAKING FIBROUS CONTAINERS lFld Oct. "11, 1939 l1 Sheets-Sheet l u.- um MM u n "mk:

MAN mw..-

Nov. 3, 1942. F. l.. BRoNsoN METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING FIBROUS CONTAINERS A Filed Oct. ll, 1939 11 SheetS-Shee-t 2 /efofe/c/f L. Bea/vwd Y im 5 ATTORNEY' A Nav. 3, 1942. F. L .'BRONSON 2,300,906

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING FIBROUS CONTAINERS Filed- Oct. 11, 1939 11 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEYS Noy. 3, 1942. F. l.. BRoNsoN 2,300,906

METHOD AND APPARATUS lFOR MAKING FIBROUS CONTAINERS Filed oct. 11,- 1939 11 sheets-Sheet 44 IN1/N702 F/efoEe/c/f L.. Bea/vwo Y l l Maui, af/ZM ATTORNEYS Nov. 3, 1942. F. L. BRoNsoN METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING. FIBROUS CONTAINERS Filed oct. 11, 1939 11 sheets-sheet 5 ATTORNEYS MSN -l ,NQ

Nov. 3, 1942. F. L.. B RoNsoN 2,300,906 f METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING FIBRoUs cQNTAINERs Filed Oct. l1, 1939 11 Sheets-Sheet 6 A ATTORNEYS Nov. 3, 1942. F. L. BRoNsoN 2,300,9(16

METHOD AND APPARATUS AFOR MAKING FIBROUS CONTAINERS Filed Oct. 1l, 1959 11 Sheets-Sheet 7 LMM@ ATTORNEYS Nov. 3, 1942. F. L. BRoNsoN METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKNG- FIBROUS CONTAINERS Filed oci. 11, 1959 nlsneets-sneet 8 ATTCRNEYS #i i mp Nov. 3, 1942. F, BRONSON 2,300,906

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING- FIBROUS CONTAINERS Filed Oct. l1, 1939 ll Sheets-Sheet 9 ATTORNEYS Nov; 3, 1942,. F. L. RQNSON 2,300,906

METHOD AND APPARATUS FCR MAKING FIBROUS CONTAINERS Fied Oct. l1,Y 1939 11 Sheets-Sheet 10 .156r

ATTORNEYS Nov.' 3, 1942. F. L. BRONSON METHOD lAN APPARATUS Fon MAKING Frnous CONTAINERS 11 sheetssh'eet 11 Filedfoct. 11, 1959 ATTORNEYS meme Nov. 3, 1942 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING FIBRO'US CONTAINERS Frederick L. Bronson, New York, N. Y., assigner to The Fibre Can and Machinery Company, New Haven, Conn., a corporation of Connecti- Application october 11, 193s, serial 10.208,974

(ci. sis-s1) 35 Claims.

This invention relates to the manufacture of containers lwhichconsist of a body formed of `laminat'ions of nbrous material, such as paper of a suitable grade, and end closures, which irequently take the form of metal caps crimped or otherwise secured in place. More particularly,

The method and apparatus ofl thev present invention make possible the rapid and eilicient production of container bodies, s'uch as those described in the co-pending application, as well as others.

'the production of the container bodies of the the invention is concerned with the provision of a novel method and apparatus for producing bodies for such containers by convolutely winding strips prepared in preliminary operations.

The new method and apparatus may be utilized in the production of wound container bodies of various types and are especially adapted for the manufacture of bodies for the containers disclosed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 170,525, filed October 23, 1937. An embodiment oi the principles lof the invention suitable formaking the container bodies of that application will, accordingly, be illustratedv and described for purposes of explanation, although it is to be understood that the-utility of the invention is not restricted to the production of wound containers .fof any particular type.

The container disclosed in` my co-pending ap plication was devised to be capable for use in the distribution of oily liquids, such as petroleum lubricating oils, and it consists of a convolutely wound cylindrical body and sheet metal end c`aps crimped thereon. The body is composed mainly .of laminations of kraft paper, in which the grain runs lengthwise of the container, and an inner convolution or liner of paper, such as glassine,

.which is impervious to oil and water. The container body has a wall which is of substantially uniform thickness throughout its circumference and is ilexible, so that the body will yield when subjected to blows, instead of fracturing. In order to 'give the wall these'qualities and at the same time make it leak-proof, adhesives of proper characteristics are employed in such manner that within the" convolutions of the body, Athere is a complete circumferential barrier of adhesive which is oil-impervious, flexible, and non-brittle or gummy. This barrier is preferably provided by theadhesive between the liner and the kraft paper, and the convolutions of. the kraft may then be aiiixed to one another by. an adhesive lacking -the specified qualities but lower in cost. Preferably, the outer" end of the kraft is secured to the underlying convolution by an adhesive .which is impervious to oil and water, iiexible, -and gummyg'fand yretains those characteristics indefinitely. Ii desired, an adhesive of `that type u' maybe used throughout the container wall, when the' addedcost'not important.

application, webs of body and lining material are affixed together to form a composite web of indefinite length which' is coated with adhesives of the desired type or types on the appropriate areas., The composite web is'then cut into strips,

each suitable for winding into a single body,

and the strips are convolutely wound on mandrels. By the use of the new apparatus, al1 of thev operations, beginning with thefcombining of the webs and ending with the stripping of the completed bodies from the mandrels, are carried on automatically and at high speed, so that the cost of manufacturing the bodies is low and the containers made therefrom afford substantial savings over prior containers, such as those of sheet metal.

For a better understanding of the invention, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings illustrating one form of apparatus embodying the principles of the invention and suitable for the practice of the new method. In these drawings; Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the machine with certain parts shown in elevation; Fig. 2 is a pian view of the apparatus of Fig. 1 with certain parts broken' away and .others omitted;

y Figs. 3 and 4are sectional views on the lines 3`3 and 4 4, respectively, of Fig. 1;

Fig.A 5 is a fragmentary View in elevation showing a. detail of the mechanism for manipulating the bevelling device; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view partly in elevation and partly in section of means for `shifting the main web roll endwise;

l Figs. 7 and 8 are sectional views on the lines 1`1 and 8 -8, respectively, of Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view on the line 9-9 of Fig. 2; l

Fig. 10 is a sectional view on the line Ill- I0 of Fig. 9; t

Figs. 11, 12, 13, and 14 are sectional views on the lines lI-II, l2-|2,"|3|3, and Ulf-I4, respectively, of Fig. 1;

Fig. l5 is an end view of the driving mecha'- nism of the machine taken at right angles and from the right of Fig. 1; A

Figs. 16 and ,17 are sectional views on the In the practiceof the invention in' Fig. A18 isa fragmentary elevational view taken from the rear of Fig. 1;

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary elevational view of the strip winding mechanism;

Fig. 20 is a partial plan view of certain parts of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 22;

Fig.,21 is a longitudinal sectional view through one of the winding mandrels illustrated in Fig.

Fig. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view on an enlarged scale of the severing and strip handling mechanism shown in Fig. 1;-

Fig. 23 is a sectional view on th'e line 23--23 of Fig. 22;

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary elevational view of that part of the mechanism of which Fig. 23 is a section;

Fig. 25 is a sectional view on the line 25-25 of Fig. 22;

Fig. 26 is an elevational view of that part of the mechanism of which Fig. 25 is a section;

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary plan view, partly in section, showing details of the body ejecting mechanism;

Fig. 28 is a sectional view on the line 28-28 of Fig, 27; I

Fig. 29 is a-longitudinal sectional view through one of the transfer ngers;

Fig. 30 is a sectional view on th'e line 30`30 of Fig. 29;

Fig. 31 is a bottom plan view on certain of the ngers shown in Fig. 27;

Fig. 32 is an end View. of the parts of the composite web in disassembled relation;

Fig. 33 is a view similar to Fig. 32 showing the parts of the web in assembled relation;

Fig. 34 is a view similar to Fig. 33 illustrating the manner in which the Winding operation is initiated; and

Fig. `35 is a, sectional view through a portion of the wall of a container constructed in accordance with the disclosure of my co-pending application.

The apparatus illustrated in the drawings is arranged for the production of container bodies of cylindrical form and having a Wall formed of a number of convolutions of kraft paper and an inner convolution or liner of a different material, such' as glassine. As illustrated in Fig. 35, the wall of the container comprises five complete laminations 50 of kraft paper and a complete liner convolution I. ',In order that the wall may be of substantially uniform thickness throughout, the ends of the kraft strip are bevelled, as indicated at 52a, 52h, and the strip is of such length with relation to the circumference of the completed body that the bevelled edges lie in registry; The ends of the liner 5| have a considerable overlap, but this material is so thin that the overlap does not produce shoulders along which the contents of the container can leak past the end caps which are crimped on the ends of the body. To prevent the crimped edges of the caps from splitting the kraft paper, the strip, of which the body is Wound is cut transversely of the web so that the grain of the paper runs from end to end of the container; and the crimped edges lie across rather than with the grain.

In the production of the container by the process of the present invention; a web 53 of kraft paper is'drawn from a` roll of appropriate width and the edges are then trimmed so that the width of the web is exactly the length of the The edges of the web are then bevened et 52a,

' 52h, as previously described, and a coating of adhesive is applied over an area terminating inward from the edges v of the web and indicated -by the bracket A, Fig. 32. To reduce'the cost,

' pose is oil-impervious, flexible, and gummy or Which'are similar to those of the adhesive used in securing the liner Web in place.

Upon completion of the composite web, it is severedtransversely into strips as it moves along With the coated surface of the main web uppermost. Each strip is then further advanced, turned upside down by appropriate mechanism,

and delivered to a mandrel With the non-adhesive surface of the liner at the end thereof in contact with the mandrel. 'I'he liner is held in this position by suction applied through a row of openings in the mandrel and, when the strip has been properly positioned, the mandrel is rotated to Windthe strip thereon. In this operation, the adhesive surface of the projecting p0rtion 55 of the liner comes in contact and overlaps the inner marginal area 56 of th'e liner and the adhesive area on the margin cornesl in contact with uncoatedA portions thereof. The coated area, indicated by the bracket C, secures the under surface of the bevelled edge 52a to an underlying convolution. After the winding operation, the completed body is ejected from the mandrel and the Winding operation is then repeated with the next strip.

In the completed body, the adhesive applied to one surface `of th'e liner provides one complete circumferential film of oil-impervious, exible,

gummy material acting as a barrier to prevent the contents of the container from entering betweenfthe convolutions forming the Wall. Similarly, the film of adhesive securing thebevelled edge 52a in position provides a lm which prevents oil from escaping and moisture from entering the wall. I

In the new apparatus, the roll 51 of kraft vpaper is mounted on an arbor 58-rotatab1e in strip to be used in windingthe container body.

suitable supports 59 and the arbor is provided with conventional brake devices 60 by which the web 6| is maintained under tension. In order that the web may be properly centered, an ad- Justment device for positioning the arbor is provided, this device including an arm B2 (Fig. 6) having a, bifurcated end entering a channel 63 in the end of the arbor. The arm is moved to shift the arbor endwise by means of a screw 64 threaded into one of the supports 59 and rotatable by a crank 65, the arm being mounted on i ,area indicated by the bracket the screw for free relative rotational movement but held against relative longitudinal movement.

The web 6| is led from the supply 4roll beneath a roll 69 faston driven shaft A61 (Fig. 8) mounted .in the side frames 68 and thence over'another roll 69 on a driven shaft 10 supported in the side frames. rfhe web then passes between upper and lower pairs of knife discs 1|, 12 whichtrim the edges and give the web the precise width desired. The lupper discs 1| (Fig. 3) are mounted on ashaft 14 carried in the ends of arms 15-piv oted onstub shafts supported by bar 15a extending between the side frames. The other end of each arm` is connected by a rod 16, adjustable in length, to the strap 11 of an eccentric 18 on a shaft 19 (Fig.8) extending across the machine and provided with crank handles 80. By rotat ing the eccentrics by means of crank handles, the arm 15 may be swung on their pivots to raise and lower the upper trimming discs 1| relative to the lower discs 12. The discs12 arevmounted on a'shaft `8| supported in the side frames in the machine and shafts 14 and 8| are provided' with sprocket wheels 82, `83, respectively, driven by .chains trained about sprocket; wheels 84, 85 on shaft 31 (Fig. 8). An idler sprocket wheel 86 on a stub shaft extending inward from one side frame of the machine guides the chain driving' the shaft 14 to keep the chain clear of shaft 10.

'I'he trimmed web passes ,from the trimming knives over a roll 81 (Fig. 4) fast on a driven shaft`88 mounted in the side frames of the machine. vActing on each edge of the web, asA the latter passesA over roll 81, is a bevelled grinding disc 89, each disc being mounted on ashort shaft.,

90 (Fig. 5) in an arm 9| fast on ashaft 92 supported in one of the side frames. At its outer end. each shaft 92 carries an arm 93 drawn upwardly by a spring 94 attached to thearm and to a fixed part of the machine, the upper positionA discs 89 to be raised and lowered relative to the web. E' :Ihe shaft of each grinding disc carries a pulley 99 which is driven by a belt |00 .(Flg. 8), trained about a pulley on the shaft of a motor. |02.

'I'he position of the motor is adjustablwin order to keep the belt taut and for this purpose, the base of the motor is pivoted on a support |03 (Figs. 1 and 8) and its position on its pivot is 4determined by a link |04 attached to the base and threaded into the support and secured in position by lock nuts. Disposed inwardly from the bevelling discs are suction chambers |05 (Fig. 4) from which leads a suction pipe |06 through which the material ground from. the web is withdrawn.

The trimmed bevelled web next passes beneath a roll |01 fast on a driven shaft |08 mounted in the side frames of the machine and thence over an adhesive-applying roll |09 (Fig. 4) fast on a driveny shaft`||0 supported ,in the side frames. The roll |09 serves to apply adhesive over the (Fig. 32) and the roll is of less length than th width of theweb and is spaced inward from the edges thereof. In

order to support that portion of the web indiy with a roll ||2 which is of equal length and fast on the shaft I3 mounted in arms I4 pivoted on the side .frames of the machine. The free en'ds Yof the arms have openings through which extend pins H5 mounted in suitable brackets on the side frames and carrying adjustable stop nuts against the under surface of which the arms are forced Iby springs encircling the pins. The roll |2 is thus yieldingly held in contact with rollv |09. The surface of roll ||2 lies within a body of adhesive in the vessel I3 supported4 on a bracket ||6a secured to the side frames and roll ||2 transfers a film of adhesive to roll |09 which in turn applies the adhesive to the web. Shafts ||0 and ||3 are connected by meshing gears |1, so that the rolls |09 andil |2 are rotated in unison. The web with its adhesive coating next passes beneath and around roll |I8 fast on a driven shaft ||9 mounted in the side frames. While the main web is in contact with roll I8, the liner web |20 is affixed thereto. The liner web is drawn from a supply roll |20'a mounted on an arbor |2| which is suitably supported for rotation on standards |22 and is provided with conventional braking devices |23 to maintain the liner web taut and with means for longitudinal adjustment similarto those associated with arbor 58. The web is led from the supply roll beneath a roll |24 (Fig. '7) on driven shaft |25 mounted for rotation in the side frames'of the machine. The web thenpasses over a roll |26 on a shaft |21 mounted in arms |28 loosely pivoted on shafts |29 mounted in bearings on the side frames (Figs. 9, 10).

through'which extends a pin |30 mounted in a l bracket on the adjacent side frame and provided with adjustable lstop nuts against the top of l which the arm is forced by a spring encircling the pin. 'I'he roll |26 is thus forced yieldingly against a roll |3| (Fig. 3) fast on driven shaft .|32 supported for rotation in the side frames. The roll I3I .extends into a vessel |33 for adhesive mounted on a bracket |34 on the adjacent `side frame and as shaft |32 is driven, it drives shaft |21 through the meshing gears |35 on the shafts. At the same timeroll 3| takes up adhesive from the vessel and applies it to the surface of roll A|20 which in turn applies it to the surface of the liner web.

'I'he coated liner web passes from roll |26 beneath a roll |36 on a driven shaft |31 (Fig. '1) mounted in arms |38 (Fig. 1) pivotally secured to the side frame members. At their upper ends, the arms have openings through which` extend pins |39 secured in brackets on the frame members and carrying stop nuts against which the arms are forced b`y springs encircling the pins. The roll |38 thus yieldingly presses the liner web against the uncoated margin of the main web passing between rolls |36 and ||8 and the webs emerging from 'between these rolls have been united to form the composite web from which the lstrips are ready to be cut. i

The composite web travels upwardly from rolls ||8 and |36 and makes contact with a roll |40 supported for rotation on a shaft mounted in the end pieces |4| of a vessel |42 containing adhe sive. The end pieces are fast on one of the shafts v H29 (Fig. 10) and in them is mounted the shaft of a roll |43 dippinginto adhesive within a vessel |42.

roll |40 and for this purpose, the rolls |40 and cated by the bracket B (Fig. 32), the shaft ||0 75 |43 rotate in surface contact, the shaft of roll Each arm |23 has an opening at its free end The roll |43 transfers adhesive to the |43 being driven by a sprocket wheel |44 connected by a chain to a sprocket wheel |44a on shaft |21 and driving roll |40 by meshing gears |45 on thel shafts of the two rolls. ATo insure application of the adhesive to the web by roll |40, the shaft |29 is provided with an arm |46 on its end outside the side frame in which it is mounted. A pin |41 mounted in a bracket on the side frame: `extends through the end of the arm and is provided with stop nuts against which the Aarm is held down by a spring encircling the pin. The spring holds the shaft in such position that roll |40, mounted in the end pieces |4| fast on the shaft, bears yieldingly against the web. 'Ihe web is kept in Vcontact with roll |40 by means of a bracket |48 (Fig. '1) secured to the adjacent side frame and in position to pressthe web against the roll. The rolll |40 is relatively narrow and applies adhesive `only to the narrow margin of the main web indicated by the bracket C in Fig. 32.'

Beyond the roll |40, the web passes into con- Atact with a belt` |49 trained about drums |50, |5|

(Fig.A 22) and also about a roll |52. The drum |50 is mounted on a shaft `|53 in bearings |54 lying in guide-ways in the side frame members and the position of the bearings may be varied by upper and lower screws |55 to cause the drum t-o keep the belt taut. The drum is mounted on the shaft'l56 supported in bearings in the side frames and roll |52 is mounted on a. shaft;

|51 in similar bearings. Shafts |56 and |51 are provided with sprocket wheels around which are trained a chain |58 which is driven by a sprocket wheel |59 on a shaft |60 mounted in suitable bearings in one side frame and in a standard |6|- (Fig. 11). The shaft' |60 has a gear |62 meshing with a gear |63 on a shaft |64 kmounted in bearings in the standard |6| and driven through a differential mechanism to be described later.

The belt |49 is perforated and the stretch |49a between the drums lies in contact with front wall -|65a `(Fig. 23) of a suction chamber |65'from which leads a suction pipe |66 (Fig. 11) the wall having grooves from which lead perforations. `This chamber has an extension terminating in a perforated wall |61 lying between the surface of the drum |5| and the roll |52. Suction applied to the web through the belt maintains the web in tight contact with the belt as the latter is advanced.

The composite web passes from belt |49 to a knife mechanism by which transverse strips S are severed from it, these strips being later convolutely wound to produce the container bodies. The knife mechanism comprises a pair of side members |68 (Figs. -12, 18) which are secured to a sleeve |69 loose on a driven shaft |10 journaled in the side frames of. the machine. The upper ends of the members |68 are slotted to provide guides in which is movably mounted a plate |1| to the lower edge of which is secured a removable knife edge |12 cooperating with a removable knife edge |13 mounted in a crossbar |14 between the members |68. Mounted on the ends of the shaft are eccentrics |15 encircled by straps |16 and links |11 connect lateral extensions from fthe straps to cranks |18a on "a vshaft |18 mounted in the side frames of the machine. The shaft is also kprovided :with cranks |181) connected by links nac te downward extensions |19 from the side members |68: Shaft |10 is provided with v'a bevel gear |80 meshing with a similar gear |8| on a vertical'shaft |82 mounted in brackets |83 extending outwardly from one of the side frames of the machineandfshaft |82 is driven from a horizontalshaft |84 suitably journaled in brackets on the machine side frames through bevel gears |85. i

The plate |1| is mounted on upward extensions |86 from the straps |18 and the arrangement is such that as shaft |10 rotates eccentrics |15, the side members |68 are rocked about shaft |10 and during their movement, the knifev edge |12 is movedv toward and away from knifev edge |13, the knife edges cooperating to shear strips from the composite web. As the edge of the web passes from the belt |49 to th knife mechanism, the knife edges are separated and as the upper ends of the members |68 swing to the right (Fig. 18), the knife edges arebrought together during the movement of members |68, so that' the lknife edges are moving toward one anotherand -in the direction of movement of the web when the shearing action takes place.

While the knife edges are still moving in the :direction of the web, they begin to separate and the side members |68 then return to theirinitial positions. The knife edges do not begin to move toward one another again until the upper ends of the' members |68 are again moving .with the web.

The severing of a strip from the composite web is not corrpleted until the leading edge of the strip has passed into contact with a plurality of tween the drums.

belts |81 are perforated and within them is a housing |9| having a grooved and perforated wall |92 in contact with the .stretch of the belts between roll |88 and drum |89 and a similar wall |93 in contact with that stretch of the belts be- As illustrated in Figs. 25 and 26, the walls are provided with ribs |94 defining recesses within which the belts lie, and the perforations |95 through the wall lead from the bottoms of the recesses thus defined. A suction pipe |96 leads from one side of the housing and by the suction applied to the strips through the belts and housing walls', the strips are kept in proper position transversely of the belts and at the correct spacing from one another in their advancing movement.

'I'he belts |81 are maintained taut by an idler roll 91 mounted on arms |98 pivoted on brackets on the machine side frames and adjustable in po-y sition'by screws |99 threaded through the ends of the arms and through brackets on the side frames. The belts are driven by drum |90, the shaft 200 of which is journaledin the side frames and carries a sprocket wheel 20| connected by a chain 202 to a sprocket wheel 203 on shaft 204 journaled in one of the side frames and in a standard 205. The shaft 204 is driven from the horizontal main drive shaft |84 through bevel gearing 201.

Mounted loosely on shaft 204 is the housing 208 of a differential mechanism containing a bevel gear 209 fast on shaft 204. Loosely mounted on shaft |64y which is aligned with shaft'204, is a disc 2|0 having a circumferential ange in which are journaled bevelled pinions 2|| meshing with-gear 209 and with a 4gear 2|2 fast on shaft |64. On thehub of disc 2|0 is a worm gear 2|3 with which meshes a worm 2|4 mounted on a shaft in brackets-attached to standard ,|6|. The shaft of the worml is pro- 'vided with a sprocket wheel 2|5 (Fig. '1) connected by a chain 2|6 to a sprocket wheel 2|1 on a shaft mounted in a bracket 2 |8 extending outwardly from one ofthe side frames. of sprocket wheel 2|1 carries a hand crank 2|9 and by operation of this crank, the js haft |64 may be rotated. f

Shaft |64 is provided with a sprocket wheel 220 connected by a-chain to a sprocketwheel 22| (Fig. 2) on shaft 222 journaled in the side frames of the machine. shaft 223 through bevelled gears, shaft 223 being mounted in suitable brackets on one of the side frames. Shaft 223 drives shaft of roll |09 through `suitable bevel gears and also drives l shaft ||3 of roll ||2 through meshing gears i |1.

Shaft 2 23 drivesshaft .||9 of roll ||8`through suitable bevel gearing and shaft ||9 drives shaft |31 of roll |36 through meshing gears 224. Shaft 223 drives shaft |32 through bevel gearing, and

shaft |32 drives shaft |21 through meshing gears |35. Shaft 223 also drives shaft |25 of roll |24.

One end of shaft 222 lying outside-the side,

frame of the machine drives vertical shaft 225 through bevel gearing, and shaft 225 is mounted for rotation in suitable brackets and is connected through bevel gearing to shaft |08 of roll |01.

Shaft |08 is connected by bevelgearing to drivel shaft r226 which drives shaft 88 of roll 81, shaft' 10 of roll 69, and shaft 61 f 'roll 66. Shaft |84 acts through suitable bevel gearing to drive shaft |82 which in turn acts through bevel 'gears |8| and |80 to drive shaft |10` carrying eccentrics by which the knife mechanism is actuated. The web employed for makingthe container bodies frequently bears a succession of labels printed thereon and the strips must be accurately severed so that each strip carries a single label. Accordingly, it is necessary to provide means by which the position of thecomposite web relative to the knife mechanism may be adi justed, and the differential mechanism between Icrank 2|9 which rotates worm 2|4 driving gear 2|3 fast on the hub of disc'2l0. By proper rotation of disc 2|0, drum |5| and roll |52 engaging belt |49 may be rotated forward or backward and all of the rolls of the web preparing mechanism may similarly be-notated.

The strips S (Fig,v 22) severed from the composite web by the cutting mechanism are carried away by belts |81 with intervalsbetween succes- -sive strips resulting from belts |81 traveling at ya higher speed than belt |49. The presence of these intervals facilitates removalY of the strips A from belts |81 and the transfer of the strips to the mandrels. ,n

The machine illustrated is provided with six mandrels operated in unison and six strips are removed simultaneously from belts |81 and Shaft 222 drives longitudinal The shaft Y 'the several pipes 231 being supplied with air' belt, and the belt yalso passes about rollers 230 on stub shafts 23| and similar rollers 232 on a shaft 233. At the end of the group of ,belts is a bracket 229a for supporting the end -of the strip. .The rollers arearranged in groups of three in triangular formation (Fig. 22) and lie between side plates 234.l Each lpair of plates with its belt defines a housing connected by a suction pipe 235 leading to a main suction duct 236. The fingers 221 and belts 229 lie in align- Anient with the spaces (Fig. 13) between the belts |81 on drums |89 and |90, and the fingers may be moved to aposition in which their free ends enter the spaces referred to. .When the fingers are in that position,`a strip S carried along by belts |81 is removed from belts |81 by the ilugers and is then picked up and carried along by belts 229. In order to insure that the leading edge of each strip will move along the .fingers in contact therewithyan airzpessure pipe 231 is mountedto extend alongeacfi row 'of fingers,

under pressure from a .pipe 238 (Fig. 13).

The lowermost shaft 221a carries a bell crank lever 239, one arm of which is connected by a rod 240 to crank arms 24| on the remaining shafts 221a. The other arm ofbell crankleverv 239 is connected bya link 242 to one end of a bell crank lever 243 pivotally mounted on a suitable part of the machine. One arm of the bell crank lever carries a cam follower roller 244 running on the surface of a cam disc 245 on shaft 246 journaled in brackets 241 extending from a suitable standard, and shaft 246 also carries a second cam 248 on which runs cam follower roller 243 mounted in the other arm of the bell crank lever 243. Shaft 246 is driven'through bevel gearing 250 from shaft 25| on which 4is mounted 'a gear 252 driven by a pinion 253 on shaft 254. Shaft 254 extends into gear box 255, the driving shaft 256 of which carries a pulley 251 driven by a belt 258 running on a pulley 259 on the shaft of motor 'I'he formation of cams 245vand 2484s such that during the operation of the machine. the strips S are vcarried down in spaced relation along -the vertical stretch of belts |81 and, at theappropriete instants, the ends of the fingers 221 are moved inward. gers is so timed that each group moves intoposition in front of the leading edge of one of the strips, and the strips are thus removed from belts |81 and picked up and carried along by belts 229. being held' thereon in part by air pressure from the nozzle pipe 231 and in part by suction applied through belts 229.

The shafts 233 carryingrollers, about which belts 229 are trained, Aare driven through bevel gearing'26l from a vertical shaft 262 which is driven through bevelgearing by a shaft 263 in turn driven through bevel gearing from shaft |84.

I Shaft |84 carries a gear 264 meshing witha simitransferred to the mandrels. 'I'he removal of the strips is effected by similar devices, disposed one above another, and each device includes a plurality of fingers 221 (Figs. 13, 18, 22)1 mounted side by side on a shaft 221a journaled i'suitable brackets on the\ machine frame.

the end of the finger being offset tooverlie' the lar gear 265 on shaftr 266 driven from gear box 255.

The strips travel along the inclined stretch of belts 229 in such position that the upper surface of each `trip includes the area. covered by the liner material 54 with the remainder of the surface coated with adhesive. To effect the Winding, each strip is first applied to a mandrel, with the liner contacting with the mandrel surface. Transfer means are accordingly provided for removing each strip from its set of belts 229, turning the strip upside down, andV applying it to the mandrelin the manner described.

Themovement of the n,

i Each of the transfer means for a single strip includes a plurality of hollow arms 261 (Fig. 29) attached at one end to a hollow-shaft 268 connected through ports 269 to the interior of each arm'. Each of the arms has aat surface 210 provided with a plurality of perforations and its shaft extends through a suction box 21| and has ports 212 through which the interiors of the shaft and arms are connected to the interior of the suction box 21|. The several suction boxes are connected by a duct 213 which is in turn connected by duct 214 to the intake side of a blower. Beyond the suction box, shaft 268 passes through a bearing in a suitable frame member 215 and is connected by bevel gearing to a vertical shaft 216.

Shaft 216 is driven through bevel gearing by a horizontal shaft 211 which carries a gear 218 meshing with another gear 219 on a shaft 280, shafts 211 and 280 being journaled in suitable bearings in frame members of the machine. Gear 219 meshes Iwith a gear 28| (Figs, 2, 15) fast on a shaft 282 carrying a slotted disc283 which is driven by pins in the ends of the double crank 284 on a shaft 285, the crank pins and slotted disc forming a Geneva mechanism which includes quadrant plates 284a cooperating with disc 283 to provide a lock. The shaft 285 is journaled in suitable standards and it carries a gear 286. meshing with a gear 281 on shaft 25|, which is driven by ,gear 252 thereon meshing with gear \253 on shaft 254 entering gear box .255.

Since the drive for the groups of arms 261 includes a Geneva mechanism, the arms-remain stationary for a part of their cycle of operations and are then moved through a pathin which each set of arms picks up a strip from belts 229 and carries the strip to a position in which it lies with its liner and adhesive coating on its undersurface. In that position, the liner is in contact with a mandrel and the arms then remain stationary during the winding operation. To insure that the arms will not be movedwhile the k winding is Agoing on, each group of arms is provided with a locking mechanism. L"

The lock referred to includes a plurality of plates 288 on a rotating vertical shaft A289 (Figs. 2, 18). Each of the plates rotates in a plane slightly above the upper surface of the end arm of one-set, when the arm is in the position shown in Fig. 22. The. arm is provided with an overhanging lug 290 on the surfacereferred to and when the plates 288 are in locking position, the

lugs- 290 overlie their peripheries and the arms of each set are thus prevented froml moving down. The plates 288 are of such shape that duringv .their rotation, they permit free moyement of the arms 261 at the proper instants. The movement of the plates and shaft 289, on which they` are mounted, is elected by means of vbevel gearing .connecting shaft 289 and shaft 246, the latter shaft being driven by shaft 25| which rotates continuously. When the arms 261 are in their position of rest, 'each strip S carried thereby lies with the projecting edge of its liner in contact with the upper surfaceof a mandrel 29| (Figs. 14, 19). Each mandrel (Fig. 21) is hollow and it is provided with,` a row of perforations lying in a line. The mandrels are mounted for rotation in suitable uprights 292 and each mandrelis driventhrough bevel gearing 293 from a vertical shaft 294. At one end, each mandrelkv extends-into a stufling box 295 supported by a bracket on standard 292, and a' suction pipe 296 leadsfrom the stu'ing box. Suction applied to the strip through the row of perforations in the.

mandrel holds the strip in position during the Winding.

In the winding operation, the mandrels are rotated by rotation of shaft 294 which is driven by bevel gearing from a shaft 291 carrying a pinion 298 meshing with a gear 299 on shaft 300. This shaft also carries a slotted disc 30| driven 4by pins in a double crank 302 on shaft 285, the double crank and slotted disc forming a Geneva mechanism which includes quadrant plates 302a cooperating with disc 30| to provide a lock. The drive for the mandrels is such that, starting from a position of rest with the row of perforations in each mandrel uppermost,the mandrels rotate a suilicient number of times to wind up the strips applied thereto. During the Winding' to a pipe 303 containing a valve 394, the stem of which is connected to a lever 305 pivoted on a suitable upright and carrying a roller 306 held in engagement with a cam 301 on shaft 285 by a spring 308 encircling the stem of valve 304 (Fig. 16) The operation of 'the valve is so timed that the high vacuum is applied to the' mandrels during the winding operation and is then cut off during the stripping operation and until the next strips are about to be applied to the mandrels.

80 Ihe strips being wound are also held tightly against the mandrels by rolls 309, one for each mandrel, each roll being mounted for rotation in an arm 3|0 (Fig. 14) having a roll 3|| running on the surface of a bracket 3|2 attached to a suitable standard. Each arm 3|0 is connected to one arm of a bell crank 3|3 pivoted on the standard and the other arm of the bell crank is connected t0 arod 3|4 vertically reciprocated by means of a bell crank 3|5 (Fig.l 16) mounted in 4.0l a bracket on asuitable standard and actuated -by a link 3|6 connected to one end of a lever 3|'| pivoted on a suitable standard and having a roller 3|8 running on the surface of a cam disc 3|9 on shaft 25|. The shaft carries another cam 4 5 disc 320 against which runs a/roller 32| carried by a lever 322 pivoted on the same standard as lever 3|1 and connected thereto bya link 323. As shaft 25| rotates, the levers 3|1, 322 are swung by the cams 3|9, 320 and act through the connections described to move the rollers 309 to a position in which each roller 309 holds one end of a strip in contact with the mandrel on which it is to be wound. y

Upon completion of the winding operation, the wound container bodies are stripped from the mandrels and delivered to a conveyor chain by which they are transferred to a delivery point. The stripping mechanism includes a rod 324 for each mandrel, the rod having an offset end 325 shaped to encircle the mandrel almost completely. The rod is mounted in suitable guides on an upright and at its rear end, it is provided with a rack 326 engaged by a. quadrant gear 321. The quadrant gears-.321 for the several strippers 85 are Amounted on a rock shaft 328 journaledA in suitable brackets on one of the machine uprights and driven through bevel gearing from a shaft 329 supported in suitable bearings in uprights. Shaft 329 carries a crank 330' actuated by a link 33| (Figs. 17, 20) which is attached to one end of a bell crank 332 pivoted o an upright and provided at its other end witha roll 333 running on the surface of cam disc 334 on shaft 25|.

The cam disc 334 is so shaped that during a 75 winding operation, veach stripper is in retracted u brackets on the machine frame (Fig. 28).

, rate.

asoopoc position and when each mandrel -is at rest after the operation is,completed, the stripper is ad- Avanced to force. the wound container body off the mandrel whence it Afalls upon the inclinedv portions ofthe fingers 335 mounted on suitable The body rolls down the inclined portions of the fingers until it reaches a position .where it 's supported by a horizontal portion of one fin er and by curvedlags 335 on chains 331 trained about gears 338 on upper and lower shafts 339, 340, respectively, the shafts being vmounted in suitable journals.. As initially deposited on the fingers V335,` each container body may. not be vsuiiiciently far removed from the end of the mandrel on which it is wound to permit it to be carried away freely by the conveyor chains and means are, therefore, provided to advance each container body axially to a position in which it is entirely free of its mandrel.

The advancing means referred to includes a crank 34| disposed adjacent and below the free end of each mandrel, this crank being mounted Aon a suitable bracket actuated by a link 342 attached to one end of a bell crank 343, the other vend of which carriesa cam roller 344` bearing against the surface of .a cam 345 attached to the underside of the stripper by which the con tainer body is removed from the mandrel. A spring 346, attached to the bell crank, maintains theV cam roller in contact with the surface of the cam and the cam is so designed that when the stripper advances to force the container body from the mandrel. the crank 34| is actuated to strike the stripped body after itis being supported by'the horizontal portion of one finger 335 and the lags 336.v 'I'he crank advances the l bodyagainst a stop 341 in which positionithe body is properly centered with reference to the lags. The conveyor chains are driven by shaft 339, which is driven through gearing by shaft 348 journaled in suitable brackets 349"and carries a sprocket wheel 350 onwhich yruns a chain 35| Adriven by a sprocket wheel 352 on shaft 291. The bodies picked up by lags 336 are elevated and carried over the sprocket Whee1s338, where they;

principles of the invention may be utilized advantageously in the production of container bodies made of a single material and with a single type of adhesive. Also, by suitable adjustments and minor changes, container bodies of varying dimensions may be produced as desired.

I claim: v

1. A method of making container bodies, which comprises advancing a main web of indefinite length in an endwise direction, and, during its advance, applying adhesive to one face thereof, aiiixing along one edge to, extend therebeyond a narrower web, the projecting portion of which 4has an adhesive coating on the surface thereof opposite to that coated on the main web, and severing transverse strips from the compositeweb with the width of the strips extending length- AWise of the web. advancing the strips in the direction of their width from the station where they were severed from the web to a winding stationand during such movement, turning the strips upsidedown, and at the winding station, winding each strip convolutely in the direction of its lengthwith the portion of the narrower web forming the inner convolution.

2. A method of making container bodies, which comprises applying adhesive to the upper's'urface of a main web of indefinite length, aixing to said surface along one edge to project beyond the edge a narrower web of indefinite length, the under surface of the projecting portion of the narrower web being adhesively coated, severing the composite web into transverse strips with lthe width of the strips extending lengthwise of the web, advancing the strips in the direction of their width from the stati'n where they were severed from the web to a. winding station and during such movement, turning each strip upside down, applying the non-adhesive surface of the portion-of the narrower web of the strip to a mandrel at the winding station, and rotating the'mandrel to wind the strip convolutely in the direction of its length.

3. A method of making container bodies, which h comprises applying adhesive to one face of a comprises severing transverse strips from a web,

advancing the strips in spaced relation along' main web of' indefinite length to coat an area terminating inward from the 4edges thereof. vapplying a different adhesive to one surface of a narrower web of adiiferent material, aixing the narrower web to the main web to cover one of the uncoated margins thereof and to project beyond the adjacent edge, applying an adhesive of a third kind to the other uncoated margin of the main web, severing transverse strips from the composite web with the width of thestrips ex.

tending lengthwise of the web, advancing the strips in the direction of their width from.the station where they were severed from the web to a winding station and at the winding station, winding each strip convolutely in the direction of its length vand with the portion of the narrower webl forming the inner convolution,lthe portion of the narrower web projecting beyond the main web overlapping and being secured` to said narrower web during the winding operation.

` `4. A method of making container bodies which comprises applying-.adhesive to one face of a fibrous web, ailixing a liner to said face along one edge, advancing the composite web with'the liriei` and adhesive coatedsurface uppermost, severing transverse strips from the composite web with the width of the'strips extendinglengthwise of the web, advancing the strips in the direction: of their width from the station where theyv were severed from the composite web to a winding station and during such movement, turning the strips to place the liners underneath, applying each strip to the surface of a mandrel at the winding station, with the liner in contact with the mandrel, and rotating the mandrel to wind the strip convolutely in the direction of its length.

5. A method of making container bodies which the same path, simultaneouslyapplying a plurality of the strips to respective mandrels, and simultaneously rotating the .mandrels towind the strips to form cylindrical bodies.

6. A method of making container bodies which comprises severing transverse strips from a web, advancing the strips along the same path, applying a plurality of the strips simultaneously to respective mandrels, and simultaneously rotating the mandrels to wind the strips to form cylindrical bodies.

7. A method of making container bodies which comprises severing transverse strips in successive operations from a web, advancing the strips along a single path in a plane from the point at which the severing operation occurred, simultaneously transferring a plurality f the strips froml the plane of advance and turning the strips to -lie in parallel planes in contact with respective mandrels, and simultaneously rotating the mandrels to wind the strips to cylindrical form.

8. A method of making container bodies which comprises severing transverse strips from a web, advancing the strips along the same path, applying a plurality of the strips simultaneously to respective mandrels, simultaneously rotating the mandrels to Wind the strips to cylindrical form, and simultaneously stripping the wound'strips from the mandrels.

9. A method of making container bodies which comprises severing transverse strips from a web, advancing the strips, applying a plurality of the strips simultaneously to respective mandrels, simultaneously rotating the mandrels to wind the strips to cylindrical form, simultaneously stripping the wound-strips from the mandrels and depositing them on individual supports, simultaneously positioning the ,wound strips on their supports, and removing the Wound strips from the supports and delivering them to a selected point.

10. Apparatus for making container bodies, which comprises means for severing transverse strips from a web, means for advancing the strips, means for removing the strips from their advancing means and transporting them 'to winding means, and means for operating the winding means to wind the strips to cylindricalform.

11. Apparatus for making container bodies, which comprises means for advancing a web, means for severing transversestrips from the web, means for advancing the strips, means for removing a plurality of strips simultaneously from their advancing means and delivering them to winding means, and means for operating the winding means to Wind said plurality of strips simultaneously to cylindrical form.

12. Apparatus for making container bodies, whichcomprises means for advancing a web,

means for severing transverse strips from the web, means for advancing the strips, means for removing the strips'from their advancing means and delivering them to .winding means including a mandrel, and means for holdinga strip upon i the mandrel and rotating the mandrel to wind the strip to cylindrical form.

13. Apparatus for making 'container bodies which comprises means for advancing a web, means for severing transverse'- strips from the web, 'means for Winding the strips to cylindrical form, means for advancing the strips from the severing means toward the winding means. 65.

and means for picking up the advancing strips and transporting them to the winding means.

14. Apparatus for making container bodies which comprises means for advancing va web, means for severing transverse strips from the web, means `for winding the strips to cylindrical f orm, means for advancing the'strips from the severing means toward the winding means, and means for transportingthe strips from the advancing means to the winding means andhturnportation.

l5. Apparatus for making container bodies which comprises means for advancing a web, means for severing transverse strips from the web, means for winding the strips to cylindrical form, means for transferring the strips from the severing means to the Winding means, means for removing the wound strips from the winding means, and means for operating the winding and removing means intermittently and alternately.

16. Apparatus for making container bodies which comprises means for advancing a web, means for severing transverse strips from the web, means for winding a plurality of the strips simultaneously to cylindrical form, vmeans for advancing the'strips from the severing means in a series, and means for simultaneously transferring a group of strips from the strip-advancing means to the winding means.

17. Apparatus for making container bodies which comprises means for advancing a web having adhesive on one face thereof with the coated face uppermost, means for severing transverse strips from the web, means for advancing the strips with their coated faces uppermost, means for winding the strips to cylindrical form, means for removing the strips from the strip-advancing means, and means for transporting the strips from the removing means to the Winding means and turning the strips upside down during such transportation.

18. Apparatus for making containerbodies which comprises means for advancing a web having adhesive on one face thereof with the coated face uppermost', means for severing transverse strips from the web, means for advancing the strips with their coated faces uppermost, means for winding the strips to cylindrical form, and means involving the use of diierential air pressures for transferring the strips from the stripadvancing means to the winding means.

19. In apparatus for making container bodies, the combination of traveling suction means for advancing a web, means for severing transverse strips'from the web with the width of the strips lying lengthwise of the web, traveling suction means for advancing the stripsin the direction of their width, means for winding the strips in the direction of their length to cylindrical form, and means for transporting the strips from the strip-advancing means to the winding means.

20. In apparatus for making container bodies, the combination of traveling suction means for advancing a web, means for severing transverse strips from the web, traveling differential air pressure means for advancing the strips, means lfor winding the strips to cylindrical form, and suction means -for transporting the strips from the strip-advancing means to the winding means.

21. In apparatus for making container bodies, the combination of means for winding a strip to cylindrical form, means for removing' the wound strip from the winding means and delivering it to a receiver, means for altering the position of the delivered wound strip with relation to the receiver, and means for removing the wound str-ip from the receiver.

22. Apparatus for making container bodies which comprises means for advancing a main web in the direction of its/length, means for trimming the edges of the main web, means for beveling the main web along its edges, means for applying an adhesive coating to one face of the main web except along oney edge, means for aflixing a liner web to the uncoated portion `of said face of the main web, means for severing long relatively narrow transverse strips from the composite web,

rneansfor advancing the Kstrips in their plane and in the direction of their width, means for winding the strips in the direction of their length to cylindrical form, means for transferring the strips by moving 'them in the direction of their width from the strip-advancing means to the` winding means, and means for discharging the wound strips from the winding means.

23. A method of making container bodies which comprises severing long relatively narrow body blanks transversely from a web, simultaneously vadvancing a plurality of the severed blanks in lmeans for simultaneously advancing a plurality of the blanks in the direction of their width and in spaced relation, and winding means for winding the blanks convolutely in the direction of their length. Y

25. Apparatus for lmaking container bodies which comprises means for severing long relatively narrow strips irom a web, means for advancing the strips in the direction of their width and for applying differential air pressures on opposite facesof the strips to hold them in place during their advance, .means for transporting the strips from the advancing means to a winding station, said transporting means a'pplyingdifferential air pressures to opposite faces of the strips during their transportation, and means at the winding station including a mandrel for winding the strips convolutely in the direction of their length.

2 6. A method of lmaking container bodies which comprises advancing a. Web of indefinite length and during its advance, severingbody blanks transversely from the web at the leading end thereof, and simultaneously advancing a plurality of the blanks to winding stations, and 'at said stations, Windingsaid blanks on an axis parallel to the direction'of movement of said web.

.27. A method of making container bodies l which comprises continuously advancing a web from a supply, severing body blanks transversely from the leading end of the web, simultaneously advancing apluraiity of said blanks in the direc.. tion of advance of the web to winding stations, and at said stations, winding the yblanks convolutely about an axis parallel to the direction of advance ofthe web.

28. Apparatus for making container bodies which comprises means for severing relatively narrow body blanksVV transversely from a web, means for simultaneously advancing a plurality of the blanks in the direction of their width and .in spaced relation, means'for removing the blanks from the advancing means and transporting/them to Winding stations, and means atsaid stations for winding the blankseonvolutely in the direction of their length.

29. A method of making container bodies which 4connarises advancing a, main web of indefinite length in the direction of its length, ,while .the web is advancing, applying adhesive to one surface thereof, affixing to said surface along one edge thereof a narrower web of a different mate--V rial, the narrower,` web projecting beyond said edge and the projecting area being ,adhesively coated on the surface opposite to that coated on the main web, severing transverse strips from the composite web, the width of the strips extending lengthwise of the web, and simultaneously advancing a plurality of strips in spaced relation .and in the direction of their width from the severing station to winding stations, and at said winding' stations, -winding the strips in the direction of their length to cylindrical form.

30. A method of making container bodies which comprises advancing a web of indefinite length in the directie-n of its length, while the web is advancing, applying adhesive to one surface thereof, afxing to said surface along one edge thereof a narrower web of a different material, the narrower web projecting beyond said edge. and the projecting area being adhesively coated onthe surface opposite to that coated on the main web, severing transverse strips from the composite web, the width of the strips llying lengthwise of the web, and. simultaneously advancing a plurality of the strips in spaced relation 'and in the direction of their width from the severing station to winding stations, and at the winding stations, winding the strips convolutely in the direction of their length with the portion of the narrower web forming the inner .convolution in the winding.

31. A method of making -container bodies which comprises advancing a main web of "indefinite length in they direction of its length, while the web is advancing, applying adhesive to one surface thereof, afiixing to said surface along one edge thereof a narrower web of a different material, the narrower web projecting beyond said edge and the projecting area being ladhesively coated on the surface opposite to that coated on the `main web, severing transverse strips from thecomposite web, the width of the strips lying lengthwise of the web, and simultaneously advancing a plurality of the strips in the direction of their width and in spaced relation'from the severing station to mandrels, applying each strip to a mandrel with the nonadhesive surface of the narrower web in contact therewith, and rotating the mandrel to wind the strip in cylindrical form.

32. A method of making container bodies which comprises advancing a web' of indefinite length in the direction of its length, while the web is advancing, applying adhesive to one surface thereof, aixing to said surface along one edge thereof a narrower web of a different mate.- rial, the narrower web projecting beyond said edge andthe projecting area being adhesivelycoated on the surface opposite .to that coated on the main web, severing transverse strips from the composite web with the width4 of the strips lying lengthwise of the web, and simultaneously advancing a plurality of the strips in spaced relation and in the direction of their width from the severing station to mandrels, each having a cir- A cumference lessvthan the length of the portion of the narrower web on the strip, applying each strip to a mandrel with the non-adhesive surface of the narrower web in contact with a mandrel, and rotating the mandrel to wind the strip convolutely in the direction of its length.j

33. A method of making container bodies which comprises advancing a main AWeb of indefinite length in an endwise direction and, during its advance, applying adhesive to one face thereof, 

